초맘의 지식창고

Call re.search(regex, subject) to apply a regex pattern to a subject string. The function returns None if the matching attempt fails, and a Match object otherwise. Since None evaluates to False, you can easily use re.search() in an if statement. The Match object stores details about the part of the string matched by the regular expression pattern.

You can set regex matching modes by specifying a special constant as a third parameter to re.search(). re.I or re.IGNORECASE applies the pattern case insensitively. re.S or re.DOTALL makes the dot match newlines. re.M or re.MULTILINE makes the caret and dollar match after and before line breaks in the subject string. There is no difference between the single-letter and descriptive options, except for the number of characters you have to type in. To specify more than one option, "or" them together with the | operator: re.search("^a", "abc", re.I | re.M).

By default, Python's regex engine only considers the letters A through Z, the digits 0 through 9, and the underscore as "word characters". Specify the flag re.L or re.LOCALE to make \w match all characters that are considered letters given the current locale settings. Alternatively, you can specify re.U or re.UNICODE to treat all letters from all scripts as word characters. The setting also affects word boundaries.

Do not confuse re.search() with re.match(). Both functions do exactly the same, with the important distinction that re.search() will attempt the pattern throughout the string, until it finds a match. re.match() on the other hand, only attempts the pattern at the very start of the string. Basically, re.match("regex", subject) is the same as re.search("\Aregex", subject). Note that re.match() does not require the regex to match the entire string. re.match("a", "ab") will succeed.

To get all matches from a string, call re.findall(regex, subject). This will return an array of all non-overlapping regex matches in the string. "Non-overlapping" means that the string is searched through from left to right, and the next match attempt starts beyond the previous match. If the regex contains one or more capturing groups, re.findall() returns an array of tuples, with each tuple containing text matched by all the capturing groups. The overall regex match is not included in the tuple, unless you place the entire regex inside a capturing group.

More efficient than re.findall() is re.finditer(regex, subject). It returns an iterator that enables you to loop over the regex matches in the subject string: for m in re.finditer(regex, subject). The for-loop variable m is a Match object with the details of the current match.

Unlike re.search() and re.match(), re.findall() and re.finditer() do not support an optional third parameter with regex matching flags. Instead, you can use global mode modifiers at the start of the regex. E.g. "(?i)regex" matches regex case insensitively.

For all those who are having problems on Windows XP with their Microphone (Either it's really quiet or no audio is being picked up at all) and your Audio Input settings are greyed out and can't be adjusted. I have found the solution and it's rather easy.

First, I recommend you upgrade to the latest drivers (v.1.70) as that is the version I am using as I write this, so just incase anything is different.


1. Unplug your Microphone and plug it back in. In the dialogue box that appears on your screen asking which device you plugged in, make sure "Mic In" is selected.

2. Go to X:\Program Files\Realtek\InstallShield (replace X with your drive letter) and run  "MicCal.exe". This is the Microphone calibration Wizard.

3. Click Next and click Next again.

4. On this screen, slide the volume slider all the way down to 0 and then back up to 100 (Or full/max as there are no numbers) and click Next.

5. On this screen, you have to do as it says, click record and read the text on the screen. When it's done, click Finish.

6. In the start menu, go to All Programs > Accessories > Entertainment > Volume Control.

7. At the top, click Options > Properties

8. Where it says "Mixer Device" select Realtek HD Audio Output. (Yes... that's right, Realtek put the audio INPUT settings in the audio OUTPUT settings.)

9. Make sure "Front Mic" and/or "Mic Volume" are checked (Depending which jack you use, front, back, or both) and click OK.

10. Click Options > Properties at the top and select "Advanced Controls", this will enable the Advanced options for your microphone (Which is Microphone Boost).

11. Under the microphone controls for your microphone, click "Advanced" and Check "Microhpone Boost" and click Close.


That's all there is to it, your microphone should now be at a good volume. If you need to test it, just use Sound Recorder (All Programs > Accessories > Entertainment > Sound Recorder) =]